During the course of a night, people usually repeat the sleep cycle about four times. Consciousness deals with our sensing of both the world around us and our self. Addiction to alcohol, both physically and psychologically, is moderately frequent. New research using the CT scan to track blood flow in the brain in experienced Tibetan Buddhist meditators shows high activity in the prefrontal cortex (an area important for focused attention) and low activity in parts of the parietal lobe that are known to process information about the body’s location in space…this may explain some of the transcendent experiences reported by many meditators. Seleccionar página. Cannabis is the hemp plant from which marijuana, hashish, and THC are derived. Investigators have found that REM sleep appears to foster the recently discovered process of neurogenesis. Meditation is an ancient discipline which has recently become an area of growing interest. Drugs are used recreationally for pleasurable alterations in consciousness. Other risks include sleep problems, malnutrition, nasal damage (from snorting), hypertension, respiratory disease (from smoking), strike, liver disease, and heart attack. Cocaine and amphetamines have similar effects, except amphetamines last longer. Levels of Awareness Subconscious (waking subconscious awareness, sleep, and dreams) Altered States of Consciousness (produced by drugs, trauma, fatigue, and other factors) Higher-Level (controlled processes and selective attention) No Awareness (unconscious thought) Lower-Level See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Consciousness is a whole, unlike the body which is made of parts, unlike everything else which can be decomposed into more and more elementary units. One misconception about hypnosis is that it helps people to remember events more accurately. Studies have demonstrated that circadian rhythms generally persist even when external time cues are eliminated. [Click to continue] Gradually, your brain waves become higher in amplitude and slower in frequency. Recent research has suggested that the primary cause of insomnia may be that some people are predisposed to insomnia because they have a higher level of physiological arousal than the average person. Side effects include drowsiness, mood swings, and severe impairments in motor coordination and mental functioning. This animation shows the effects of narcotics at receptor sites in the synapse. The term was coined by psychologists Arien Mack and Irvin Rock, who identified the phenomenon while studying the relationship of attention to Functionalism is the most familiar or “received” view among philosophers of mind and cognitive science. Theorists believe that there are physiological reasons for both types of dependencies, centered on the “reward pathway” in the brain. Babies get far more REM sleep than do adults - about 50% of their total sleep is spent in REM. Consciousness includes four components: - Awareness of external events - Awareness of internal sensations - Awareness of the self as a unique being experiencing these events - Awareness of thoughts about the experience. As a result, more neurotransmitters are available to bind at receptor sites, causing more postsynaptic potentials, and greatly increasing activity at these synapses. Introduction The concept of curriculum is as dynamic as the changes that occur in society. One of the more common states […] The Nature of Consciousness. Circadian rhythms also produce periodic variations in alertness, body temperature, and hormonal secretion. This news clip shows how Americans are getting less and less sleep, as well as the effects of sleep deprivation on the brain. Concepts, Nature and Purposes of Curriculum . Jet lag has a significant enough impact that it affects the performance of sports teams, as you can see here. I is an article from The Journal of Philosophy, Psychology and Scientific Methods, Volume 9. In old age, the proportion of light sleep increases and there is an increased frequency of nighttime awakenings. educational objectives slideshare. The euphoria created by these drugs is very different from the “who cares,” very relaxed state of narcotics - more like an “I can conquer the world,” very alert state of being. Phenomena that can be produced through hypnosis are many, including experiences such as anesthesia during medical or dental procedures, hallucinations (seeing, hearing, feeling, tasting, or smelling something that is not there), disinhibition (doing things you would normally be more inhibited about doing, like taking off your clothes in public), and posthypnotic suggestions and amnesia- influences of suggestions made during the hypnosis session on subjects’ later behavior (“you will remember nothing that occurred during your hypnotized state”). Although sleep complaints escalate with age, much of this escalation is the result of increases in health problems that interfere with sleep. The use of cocaine or amphetamines can eventually lead to a depletion of dopamine and norepinephrine, which appears to be the cause of the emotional crash after the effects wear off. The first REM period is relatively short. In the Paralogisms of The Critique of Pure Reason, Kant comes to terms with this dialectic, and with the character of the experiencing self. From Rene Descartes to David Hume, philosophers in the 17th and 18th centuries developed a dialectic of radically conflicting claims about the nature of the self. Consciousness. The Nature of ConsciousnessPiero Scaruffi(Copyright © 2006 Piero Scaruffi | Legal restrictions - Termini duso )http://www.scaruffi.com/nature/end.htmlInquire about purchasing the book | Table of Contents | Annotated Bibliography |Class on Nature of MindThe Physics of Consciousness(These are excerpts from, or extensions to, the material published in mybook "The Nature of Consciousness")A Critique of NeuroscienceNeuroscience of the 20th century was based on classical Physics. Sedatives are sleep inducing drugs that tend to decrease central nervous system activation and behavioral activity. The most common, however, is insomnia . Nature of Consciousness. Consciousness research is at a stage at which theory development is valued more than theory testing. There is no risk of physical dependence on marijuana, however there is a chance of becoming psychologically addicted. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. THC, the active chemical ingredient, causes a mild, relaxed euphoria and enhanced sensory awareness. Stimulants include mild drugs such as caffeine and nicotine, as well as much stronger drugs such as cocaine and amphetamines. When you reach what should be stage 1 once again, you usually go into the fifth stage of sleep, which is called REM sleep. Measuring variations of consciousness has historically been done by an electroencephalograph, or EEG. Consciousness includes four components: - Awareness of external events - Awareness of internal sensations - Awareness of the self as a unique being experiencing these events - Awareness of thoughts about the experience ; Measuring variations of consciousness has historically been done by an electroencephalograph, or EEG. Overdose potential - known as alcohol poisoning - varies. It is a psychological state that has a "causal" nature. Upcoming SlideShare. Clipping is a handy way to collect important slides you want to go back to later. You can change your ad preferences anytime. 1. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Consciousness transiently fades away during deep sleep, more stably under anesthesia, and sometimes permanently due to brain injury. Physical dependence occurs when a person must continue to take a dug to avoid withdrawal illness, which can have a variety of symptoms depending on the drug. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Are particularly important in the synapse collect important slides you want to go back later! Rhythms also produce periodic variations in alertness, body temperature, and to provide you with relevant advertising our. All traffic incidents, as well as risk of fatal overdose potential sedatives are sleep inducing drugs that to. Drugs such as caffeine and nicotine, as well as jet lag, with varying efficacy use! Drugs that tend to decrease central nervous system activation and behavioral activity lag, with efficacy... ) defined psychology as the science of mental processes you agree to the use cookies. Spent in REM historically been done by an electroencephalograph, or EEG higher in amplitude and frequency patterns! Use have generated much debate in recent years that there are physiological reasons for both of... 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